Steve Higley posted this document to the Jarvis Island website he operates. All credit belongs to him. I have re-posted it here to make it more accessible to other Jarvis Island enthusiasts.
From Panala'au Memoirs by Edwin H. Bryan, Jr. - Copyright 1974 by Pacific Scientific Information Center -
Bernice P. Bishop Museum, Honolulu, Hawaii
(Taken from jarvisisland.net)
Landing was accomplished at a small break in the ringing reef on the northwest side, on the morning of March 26, 1935, just below a four-sided, triangular beacon. Three tents were set up in a depression between two mounds of flow-grade guano, behind the beach crest, about 200 feet southward from the beacon. This spot was chosen because fits protection from the wind and proximity to the landing place. Sailors from the Itasca brought our supplies and equipment ashore and piled it on the beach above the high water line. We carried it up to the beacon for safekeeping. Meyer and Bryan put their cots beneath the beacon. At about 2:15 A. M. there was a racket from there as they tried to catch Polynesian rats in an insect net. These rats are so small that they were called "mice" by the colonists.
The last of our water and supplies were landed this morning and the sailors are looking over the island. Collins made a flag pole and attached it to the top of the beacon. At 1:25 P. M. the American flag was hoisted by Collins and Ahia while Aune, Toomey, and Graf stood at attention, and mem-bers of the official party watched the ceremony. Mr. Kline assisted Collins and Ahia in setting up the meteorological instruments. Collins fixed a box desk for reading and re-cording them. We lunched on fresh fish which Toomey had speared. Fish are plentiful around the island in shallow water. We pitched a fourth tent to use as a kitchen. Collins and the Hawaiian boys went to the wreck to get some 1umber.
The Itasca left at about 2:30 P.M. and headed for Baker Island.
Next morning (March 27) we rolled seven of the 15 drums of water up to the beacon. On another trip to the wreck to get lumber we found some money: German 10 pfennig dated 1875; Canadian 10 cent piece, 1902; Mexican 20 centavos, 1907; American Lincoln penny, 1910; a Hawaiian half dollar, 1883; and a Chile peso, 1893. We also found some dishes.
March 28. Collins built a wooden table on which to draw maps of the island, showing where the airfield could be placed. Measurements by him and Ahia showed that Jarvis measures 1.90 miles N. E. to S. W. by 1 mile and 200 yards, wide. Aune took charge of the cooking. Graf cares for the medical supplies and keeps the log. Ahia and Toomey specialize in catching fish and spiny lobsters. All five worked as a team. A rain squall drifted across the island and a gallon of water was caught. Following the rain they planted five sprouted coconuts along the north edge of camp.
During the days that followed, Collins plotted a good location for a landing field on the northeast side of the island about 1,240 by 1,000 yards. The distance between camp andthe east end of the island was measured, 2,400 yards.
March 30. It was noted that for the second time since their arrival rain clouds were seen to approach the island from the NE and break up off shore. Parts of the storm seemed to go each way around the ends of the island. "So far we have noticed no mosquitoes or house flies."
Sunday, March 31, brought us a fairly heavy rain with a SE wind varying from 18 to 24 miles per hour. Our tent fly blew down, but the storm brought us about 15 ga1lons of water. Ahia planted cabbage, radish, onion, celery, and lettuce seeds on the side of the guano ridge. Ahia's and Toomey's electric lights from batteries seem to draw more moths and other insects than the lantern does, at least they bother us more. Graf catches specimens for Bishop Museum. He noted that the most abundant insect in the tents was a "beetle-fly"; they are attracted by lights, get into bunks; sleep on the tent ceiling, and are a general nuisance. They do not bite, but their crawling in bed gives an uncomfortable feeling. [This has been identified as an Oedemerid beetle, Ananca bicolor; with slender, deep purplish-black elytra and a pale orange prothorax "collar."
What we call "field mice" [small Polynesian rats] by the dozen crawl over the beds during the night and sometime in between the blankets. Our sleeping is done on portable camp cots, made of canvas over a collapsible frame. We use khaki wool blankets with no pillow or mattress. Each has sufficient bedding to suit his own idea of comfort. Some use two blankets under and two over, with one for a pillow. The nights are quite cool.
Breakfast usually about 7:00; a mainstay, since we eat two meals a day. Toomey and Ahia like the water and supply us with marine food, both fish and lobsters. Each of us lends a hand with the cooking, water carrying and general camp duties. Ahia is greatly interested in plant and insect life and does some collecting. During any time of day one or two or more may be found here or there on the island, the shipwreck, fishing from the boat or what-not. At noon we may gather at the kitchen tent and eat a can of sauce or fruit together. No cooking is done at that time. The evening meal is eaten between 6:30 and 7:30. After that we talk, tell stories, play cards or checkers, practice on the mouth-organ, or sometimes catch insects around the light. We are building paths to improve the appearance of the camp. We have found farming in any form out of the question. The coconuts are making no progress. Planted garden seeds are eaten by the "mice." Everything dries up between showers and we can't pare fresh water.
On April 11 there is the entry: We have all become interested in sporting events, and at about 9 o'clock we held a meet: shot-put, standing and running broad jump, high jump and ball throwing. Then we go swimming, or across to the shipwreck to fish.
On April 13, Ahia noticed that the boat was missing. It had broken away, apparently as the result of an exceptionally high tide. We did not see it again.
On April 18, while cooking breakfast the oil stove caught fire. Graf dragged it out of the tent and put a wet blanket over it; but the stove was damaged beyond use. Work began immediately on a fireplace a few feet southwest the kitchen tent. Breakfast was delayed, but not for long.
April 19. Conditions around camp are getting better day by day. New refuse pits have been dug. Collins got more lumber at the shipwreck and built a table for use in the kitchen. Aune likes the new stove better than the old one that burned oil. The path from the beach to the beacon is about 5 feet wide and is covered by four inches of coarse sand. We now have two roads into camp, one past the beacon and one direct from the beach, along the old guano tracks left by the guano diggers.
April 22. When raising the flag at 5:35A.M., Collins, Toomey and Ahia sighted a white ship about 8,000 yards off the west coast. At about 6:30 A. M. the Itasca was off the landing. The official party and several of the crew came ashore. They inspected the camp and seemed highly pleased. The landing boats made three trips and brought ashore additional water and supplies. Graf went on board to get a few needed items. The stay of the visitors was brief and by 9:00 A. M. the ship was under way, making a circuit of the island. Aune and Toomey spent the remainder of the day making shelves and arranging the new supplies. Mr. Griffin was very thoughtful in his selection of additional foods, and items which we had been thinking of were included. Fresh fruit and real crackers were novelties on our supper table. Coconuts from Samoa were planted around camp, each of us trying our luck at getting a tree started. This ended our fourth week on Jarvis.
April 25. Following breakfast, Collins set out to do some more measuring and staking out of rock piles and ridges on his map. Ahia is also making a map of Jarvis. A supper of sweet potatoes, cabbage slaw, pea soup, wieners, crackers, jam and other nicknacks was highly enjoyed.
April 26. A map-making routine seems to have developed among the group. Angles, degrees and dimensions re the topic of the day. Graf continues to collect shells.
April 29. The first thing this morning a bos'n bird as found making its nest at the beacon, right where it is necessary to stand for reading the thermometer. The bird fussed some each time someone came near, but continued to hang around. It refused to eat bacon scraps. Finally, after e several hourly disturbances, the bird decided it would nest elsewhere and flew away. Food inventory was taken today. Collins is starting work on his fourth map of the island. He has also started digging just southwest of camp to determine the depth at which water can be struck. The water from Samoa was not considered as good to drink as that from Honolulu.
April 30. Toomey, Collins and Aune had a close all with a shark while swimming at the landing place. Ahia and Graf caught about 50 aholehole fish and saved the largest for eating. In the afternoon Collins visited the shipwreck to get lumber for a sketching board. In the evening he picked his way through about two feet of solid rack in the water hole. He carries out a schedule of mapping each day and also spends about an hour working in the new water hole.
May 3. While helping Aune get supper, Toomey spilled some hot cooking oil and burned his legs and feet. Through prompt treatment, although huge blisters formed, they were nearly healed in about three weeks.
May 7. The airfield is completely staked out.
May 8. A brick oven, started by Collins and Aune, as been improved with empty kerosene cans for either cooki-ng or baking. It adjoins the previous fireplace.
May 9. Collins and Graf went to the shipwreck to collect insect and marine specimens. They brought back a black, yellow-edged eel, a small crab, lobster, jellyfish, worms, sponge and seaweed.
May 10. Work on the new waterhole has been discon-tinued because of cave-in possibilities. A depth of nearly 12 feet was reached. It will be used for garbage.
May 12. Collins plans building a cabin or house, using the fly tent, which was pitched on the beach, as a roof. He repaired a. chair which he had brought from the shipwreck. He made several trips and has a framework set up.
May 17. Ahia caught a grayish, brown-speckled ee1, too large to be kept. Sharks are plentiful toward the N. E. end of the island, and rather bold and curious.
May 18. Collins put the fly, from the beach, as the roof of his house. He carried gravel for the floor, and has the outside banked with a foot or two of rock.
May 19. Another Sunday ends our eighth week on the island. Collins put a few finishing touches on his house and declares it complete after one week of work. There has bee more than the usual amount of rain the past few days. The moisture is giving the radishes a "boost. " Another dozen or so plants broke through the ground and look healthy. Coconut plants, 14 in all, retain a partial greenness. During the re-cent moderate rains it was noticed that the ground in the central section of Jarvis becomes marshy and boggy, but it dries quickly. In places it cracks and cakes.
May 20. Ahia substituted for Aune as cook, starting with eggless hotcakes. Collins and Ahia moved into the new house. Toomey and Graf occupy the Headquarters tent vacated by them.
May 21 was spent in routine exercising, swimming and reading. Toomey's foot nearly healed but it bothers him to walk on it. Several zinnia and lettuce seeds had sprouted as a result of last week's rain, and a few peanut plants are well above ground.
May 24. Toomey welcomed back into routine activity. Collins, Toomey and Ahia fished at the landing and caught a good sized red snapper.
May 28, Toomey and Graf caught a few lobsters right after breakfast.
May 29, Ahia had good success baking in an improvised oven. He strives for variety and tries many new things. We relish his baked dishes. He and Aune worked together last evening on "peach cobbler."
Supper, June 4-- pea soup, tomatoes, fried fish, boiled squid, navy beans, sauerkraut, called a "meal fit for a king."
June 6. Collins started the day with a trip to the shipwreck in quest of a canvas to patch his cabin and keep the sun Out. Zinnia plants continue to grow. Aune transplanted some pickleweed (Sesuvium) to use as a hedge. The log records numerous collecting trips and catching fish.
June 11 The Hawaiian boys observed King Kamehameha Day.
June 15. The ltasca was sighted to the north and soon arrived off the landing. This ends the log as kept by Graf. It was continued by George West. Those in the first landing arty were W. T. Miller, H. A. Meyer, Commander Derby and his aide. Collins, Graf and Anne went aboard to return Hawaii. Henry Ahia and Dan Toomey elected to remain and were joined by George West and Frank Cockett. Mr. Albert Judd, Donald Mitchell, Mr. Meredith and the crew of the Itasca came ashore for a visit. Fresh supplies were landed; also 15 new drums of water. Unloading was completed by 1:30 P.M.; many of the visiting party had lunch on Jarvis. We had a serious talk with Lt. Meyer regarding our food supply, water and duties. By 4:15 P.M. all of the visitors were in the boats ready to go aboard the Itasca. The particular handshake of Mr. Judd and the tone of his words were so sincere and well meaning that they touched us all. We would all make good for Kamehameha (Schools) and all other Hawaiians.
The ship left at 4:45 P. M. Henry [Ahia] then talked to us regarding the importance of our duties, and our situa-tion for the next three months. He and Dan gave us a few pointers about the weather instruments, how to read them and record the readings. At supper, on each side of the kitchen table sat Henry Ahia, Dan Toomey, Frank Cockett, and George West, residents supreme of Jarvis Island, U.S.A. In the midst of our supper we remembered that we had for-gotten to lower the flag, so we rushed out and did so in true American style.
June 16. We spent all morning putting the cottage and tents in order. While taking an evening swim, Henry caught a shark, one of several close to shore. All this, the beautiful sunset, seeing "mice" running in all directions during supper, were experiences new to Frank and George. We have a little mascot, a baby frigate bird; this was its second day with us, and very much alive. Our supply of apples and oranges is beginning to spoil, so we are consuming them as fast as we can.
June 17. Frank, Dan and Henry hauled up three drum of water. Frank and Dan caught aholehole fish for the little mascot. We made a close written account of all our rations and arranged the supplies. In the late afternoon we hauled up four more drums of water. The coconuts are doing well; even radishes and flowers are coming up slowly. We opened the Bishop Museum collecting box and arranged its contents for instant use.
June 19. Pancakes were served for breakfast. Dan caught small fishes for the little frigate bird. He caught one, fish we didn't know and saved it as a specimen. Henry clipped the hair of George and Frank. A ukulele and books 3 of Hawaiian songs by Charles King and Johnny Noble were additions to our entertainment. The remaining four drums of water were hauled up.
June 20 Dan made a portable lighting system.
June 21. Visited the shipwreck. Frank and George were impressed. Caught 18 fish and a lobster. Raw fish and poi made up our noon meal. We had a short rainfall at dusk with heavy raindrops. Fried fish for dinner. We learned that hermit crabs feed on "mice.
June 23, Sunday. Everyone seemed quiet and solemn all day, with devotions in the evening. Frank Cockett was startled by a large bird inside the beacon, which he thought at first was a bat.
June 24. We made boxes into which various types if soil would be placed in which to plant seeds. The soil was col1ected in barren land in the easternmost part of the island; also some from guano diggings and nearby mounds. There are only four packages of seeds: phlox, marigold, lettuce and radish. The weather instruments are not giving us logical readings. The anemometer was cleaned and oiled according to instructions.
June 25. Bag coverings were made for our sand boxes. White beans, brought from Honolulu, were planted after a night's soaking. The coconuts were cultivated again. The weather instruments are now operating satisfactorily. Frank and Daniel caught a red snapper and made a delicious chowder. Our little frigate bird, which we named Sailor Boy, died early this morning. It was probably too young to be taken a way from its mother.
June 26. At 2:45 this morning we had the heaviest rain since June 15. Two kites were made to learn how the birds on the island would react to them. One was tied to a pole at the shipwreck. Many birds flew around the kite but did not attack it. Dan flew his kite after lunch. Again the birds only showed their curiosity. We are taking daily physical exercise in the evenings in a miniature outdoor gym. The "mice" on the island are a menace to our gardens.
June 27. We made a shell-hunting trip around the island. Shells were scarce and hard to find. We stopped at one place to watch the sharks swimming around in water so shallow that it amazed us. We watered the gardens in the evening.
June 28. Frank and Dan went fishing. Henry inspected the landing field site. Several little mounds needed to be leveled and a few holes filled. The beans we planted on the 25th are beginning to sprout.
July 29. We are learning to play the ukulele and also to fly kites. The phlox seeds which we planted are growing.
June 30, Sunday. No church to go to, but we held our period of reverence. Wind and rain at 4:45 P. M. Several things had to be moved around to be protected. It poured at intervals all through the night. The white beans have sprouted more than an inch above the soil.
July 1. New camp activities: Dan Toomey and Frank are the new cooks; Henry gathers firewood; George enters the day's events in the log, prepares menus, and helps Henry. A weekly check of rations was made. Ocean water, for washing, was stored in a container by George. Dan Toomey recharged batteries. A bad squall this morning from 10:26 to 10:29; a sudden gust of wind and a heavy down-pour. Henry and George spent the afternoon filling holes in the airfield.
July 2. Frank and Dan caught three good fish, two of them strange to us. One is black and red like a kolo. They had an encounter with a large shark. Seeds were sprouting and look healthy. We ascertained the time of sun-rise and sunset from the World Almanac to check on our time.
July 3. We are building a wooden bed to accommo-date more than two persons to use as a couch. Frank, Dan and George brought a broken door and pieces of lumber from the shipwreck. At nightfall we laid our mattresses on this and all four of us initiated it. We also discussed building a raft and enlarging the cottage. Our log shows that a drum of water lasted two weeks. Daily exercises at sunset.
July 4th was observed by flying the flag, having bis-cuits for breakfast, and ending the day with chicken noodles July 5 Henry spent the morning shell hunting. During his trip he saw some turtles on the westernmost side of the island. Dan and Frank spent the morning fishing, catching 'o'o and uhu. George collected insects.
July 6. Frank, Dan and Henry went in search of suitable lumber for a raft. Not having the necessary tools, they collected shells instead and again sighted turtles. Our farming project is beginning to look discouraging; the plants are drying out.
July 8. We started building our raft; o feet square, of four logs with an empty drum at each corner. We will use it for fishing off the channel where it will be possible to catch larger fish without danger from sharks.
July 9 Henry and George went to the shipwreck for more lumber.
July 10. We started enlarging the cottage, begun by Frank and Henry, because of the kinds of lumber found, instead of finishing the raft. The walls facing the west were knocked down and the side walls extended 12 feet. The roof was not completed because of lack of lumber. A gorgeous sunset, the sky almost completely orange color. The Sun's rays shone through cumulous clouds, with the half moon in a blue area overhead.
July 11. The lumber business reached its peak: lumber was brought to camp all morning, with backs bent and shoulders burning. We put new pieces of tin on the table legs to keep the "mice" from climbing to the top. In the afternoon we finished the roof.
July 12. Last night there was a heavy rainfall, heaviest about 12:10 A. M. Another severe rainstorm at 7:25 P. M. Heavy wind knocked down the kitchen tent, break-ing tent pegs.
July 13, after drying and setting up the kitchen tent, we spent the day working on the cottage. We patched the roof with canvas and softened candles.
July 14. There is now a lake in the center of the island caused by heavy rains. We saw a very bright meteor at suppertime.
July 15. Seeing large fins, Frank and George drifted out on the raft to try to catch sharks. The fins turned out to be the curving ends of an enormous sting ray. It swam around the raft and caused a whirlpool. It had a black body and was shaped like an enormous bat. We decided that what we had thought to be dolphins were sting rays. The Hawaiians ca1l them hihi-manu. Fin tips may rise 5 feet above the water.
July 16. At last we have moved into the cottage. It has a lanai on which we can enjoy eating meals. Now we are making cupboards, shelves, magazine stands, and a lighting system. We made a new cooking table and safe for dishes and silver. We can see the ocean while we eat. We knew by the World Almanac that the moon would be full. It rose over the eastern horizon as we cooked and dined. The tide was low tonight and the reef within sight was almost dry.
July 17. Henry fixed a chair, made braces for the cooking table, and patched a hole in the canvas. Dan worked all day, cleaning the shells he had collected last night. Frank repaired his flashlight. George prepared menus, made corrections in the ration account, and tried to catch up with his diary.
July 18. This evening it was nice and cool. The wet and dry thermometers read 77 and 73 degrees respectively, unusually low readings. The lowest wind velocity was at 3:00A.M., 3 miles. In the evening Frank and Dan went hunting on the reef. They found a number of shells and a large lobster, which they cooked.
July 20. Henry and George made a profitable trip around the island, studying birds, insects and plant life. They saw a small flock of "quail" [some species of migratory bird ]. They have long legs and are smaller than a love bird We saw them on the northeast end of the island. Love birds are found in the easternmost part of Jarvis. One never tires of rambling among them; thousands of them fly low over you with shrill cries. [ These observations may include other species of terns.] We came to a place where there were lots of holes. We found a bird in one of them. It was about the size of a love bird, but the bill bent down at the tip. [A petrel or shearwater.]
July 21. Today is our fifth Sunday on the island. We are all well and nothing serious has happened to us. None of us is homesick, but we do miss a lot of things.
July 22. Our raft was finally completed by Dan and] Frank. Stray lumber from the shipwreck was used to make a platform. In its center a hole was left for fishing purposes. We plan to whitewash the cottage and the beacon. Henry got some lime from the airfield, mixed it and spent the day whitewashing the cottage. George carried bricks for the roadway around the camp. He and Henry spent much time washing and scraping the concrete off the bricks.
July 23. Henry made a table on which to skin birds. He also made an experimental aquarium. He put in it some iholehole, with seaweeds and coral, but they all died. Yes-terday, when Henry went to get lime he found a partly dug grave, which looked as if it had been dug some years ago. Nearby were some human bones. In the evening Dan and Frank went torch fishing. They came back with 'o'o fishes, Lobsters and two stick fishes. They made their torches from 1½" inch pipe which they found at the shipwreck.
July 24. Since the heavy rain of July 12, we have not had noticeable rain. The "mice" don't trouble us so much here as they did at the old place. There, during suppertime, they would run around in countless numbers.
July 25. Ever since we started having pancakes for breakfast every morning a competition has been on. Everyo-ne has tried to claim the title of champion pancake eater. This morning we ate the best pancakes ever cooked on the inland, made by Dan. Dan and Frank went torching again after supper. They caught 26 lobsters and several fish, and had a further encounter with sharks. It rained disgustingly toward midnight, and our roof leaked so badly that we had to move our beds down to the tents for the rest of the night.
July 26. Our cottage was in total disorder this morning due to the rain. The fish lasted us all day. They were the best eating fish we had ever had. We also cooked the lobster, some boiled, some made into soup. One of the fish is ailed po'o-pa'a; it is dotted all over the body with red, black and yellow. Another specimen, about the size of a human hand, has a flat body, protruding eyes, short legs and feelers. Its color is light red.
July 27. Dan and Frank hiked halfway around the island. They noted seeing eels that ate crabs. One rose up like a rattlesnake ready to strike. At lunch time we saw several porpoises leaping out of the ocean, six or more abreast, and also following the leader. We had hot-cross puns with sausage inside for supper, made by Dan. A bug crawled into George's ear and made him feel very uncomfortable. We flushed the ear with coconut oil and warm water.
July 28. It rained this morning at dawn and drizzled for quite a while. Held Sunday services. Fish at each meal. George's ear has not bothered him today, although he be-lieves that the bug is still inside.
July 29. It rained again this morning. At 11:45 it poured. Henry went to the shipwreck for long poles to hold up the corners of the canvas. Dan repaired the roof. Frank and George came across a mound of bricks.
July 30. We went out fishing for the first time from the raft, and stayed out for nearly five hours.
July 31. We took a monthly inventory of ourselves Physical condition good. We live in a spacious cottage made from pieces of a shipwreck. Air and sunlight abundant ventilation perfect. Nights are cool. Everyone feels fine each morning. The dining room, parlor and bedroom are under the same roof. The dining room extends onto the lanai. During meals the whole expanse of the ocean can be seen. The kitchen is out of doors. The stove is a few feet away from the cooking table. The garbage cans, piles of firewood, etc. are handy and arranged systematically. We ran out of potatoes two weeks ago. Onions will be used up in two or three days. One can of ham has spoiled. We have enough poi for the month of August. Rice will last two weeks more We have half a bag of sugar and enough cream to last until the end of August. We have lots of corn, peas, and corned beef; sausages will be exhausted soon, and so will peaches and pineapples. Canned apples are good for weeks to come. Kerosene and water will last for months. There should be a ship on the horizon soon. A chop sui dinner will be given to the first to sight it.
August 6. There was a change in the way dawn appeared this morning. The sea was calm, glassy. Out on the ocean white flashed- -fishes leaping and breaking the smooth surface. Booby birds skimmed the surface, catching, fish. Some would fly high, nose dive, scoop up the fish and fly away. The calmness of the sea made these antics easy to watch. Toward sunset the entire ocean within our view from the cottage was covered by porpoises, here and there. They seemed to be passing in review. We estimated seeing as many as 800.
What is a night like on Jarvis? Despite its closeness to the equator, it is not warm or uncomfortable. It is cool and the breeze is soothing. At times two or three blankets dare required to keep warm. We watch the phases of the moon and clusters of stars.
A word about the kind of weather reports we make. We record the kinds and amounts of clouds and visibility. We give readings of the wet and dry thermometers. The average velocity of the wind in miles per hour. We measure the amount and duration of rain. The most severe was the rain storm of July 12. At no time has there been thunder or lightning.
Aug. 13. We measured the distance around Jarvis as 5.05 miles, and tried to figure how many yards the .05 represented.
August 14. At 3:50 P.M. it was windy and the sea was choppy. Suddenly there was a cry from Dan Toomey, 'Hey, look at the ship out there!" It was about 2 miles off. All four of us ran out of the cottage and climbed the beacon. The ship appeared to be a black tramp freighter. It had a forema-st and an aftmast and a smoke stack in between. The build of the ship was rather peculiar. Nothing else was visible except a little structure behind the smokestack. There was no flag flying. They came so close that we thought they wou1d surely land, but instead it slowly drifted away. Its bo0w was pointed in the direction of Palmyra Island. It was tout of sight at 4:45 P. M.
Aug. 15. This evening, beginning at 6:06, occurred steady downpour of rain which lasted until 6:30. The roof now almost rain-proof. About 3/4ths of a clean galvanized garbage can was filled with rain water.
Aug. 19. In the afternoon Dan speared four uhu, which we had for dinner. Our raft was washed ashore and quite a wreck. A bos'n bird laid an egg inside the beacon. This will give us an opportunity to see exactly how long it will take to hatch.
Aug. 21. Henry and George repaired the raft and used it to go fishing. They caught nothing, not even a shark. George spent the afternoon writing about birds, and made trips into the field to verify his descriptions.
Aug. 22. An enormous turtle was captured at 9:00 this morning. About 4:00 this afternoon two turtle tracks were seen on the beach leading up toward the interior. A little later a turtle was seen close to shore, but soon dis-appeared. We visited the area at 9:00 P.M. and found a third fresh turtle trail. We found the turtle just above the beach crest on the west coast, and captured it. Henry and George also saw a strange bird near the shipwreck. It was about 6 inches long with a wing spread slightly less than a foot; wings and tail brown, with white around the neck, under the body and above the tail. Head and bill, which is an inch and a half long and curved down, are black.
Aug. 23. Today was turtle day on Jarvis. Much difficulty was had in attempting to drive it home from where Henry and George captured it. It was stubborn; it wanted to go inland or back to the beach. At 11:30 it refused to move. It had taken 5 hours and a half to make it move 150 yards in our direction. At 12:00, Henry got a knife and a pan; killed it and brought back a pan full of meat. George and Henry went back for the shell. The turtle meat was good; some was, fried. At dinner we had turtle soup. Some of the meat was put out to dry. Dan spent the afternoon cleaning the shell.
Sept. 1. At 7:30 A. M. a two-masted sailing vessel was sighted on the western horizon. Strong winds were blowing and the ship came swiftly to our shores. We knew by the way the vessel moved around, just outside the channel, that it was going to anchor. Some difficulty was had, but finally a rowboat dropped the anchor on the reef. The ship lay less than a quarter of a mile out. When the first landing party came ashore we learned that this ship was the Auxiliary Yacht Kinkajou of Hawaii, bringing another scien-tific party. Going aboard, we learned that this expedition was headed by Dr. Francis Dana Coman of Johns Hopkins University. We shook hands with Dr. Coman and the skipper, Constantine Funk, and looked over the ship. It had come from Baker and Howland, and brought all sorts of news. We learned that we were going to have a radio re-ceiver and transmitter on the island. We also learned that the Itasca was to leave Honolulu on September 9. We learned that we were popular people in the feature sections of our home newspapers. There was a pack of letters from home telling us all about the things that were happening. Who could imagine how thrilled we were to see these people with all the good news and good things they brought. Dr. Coman was very friendly and told us to write letters home which he would take. We helped with the loading and unloading of the supplies.
Jarvis was a scene of activity. The skipper and crew were busily engaged in putting up the tents and radio poles, moving the provisions and supplies. Dr. Coman was being shown to various points on the island by Henry. He was in-terested in getting samples of guano. He seemed to have an inexhaustible knowledge of birds. He gave the common and scientific names of all the birds he saw. Dan and one member of the crew went out for lobsters. They were unable to find any, but they caught an enormous number of aholehole. George and Frank helped the crew.
Dr. Coman and the Captain dined with us tonight. Down on the beach Dan, Frank and the crew were cleaning fish by the light of lanterns. The Doctor remarked that we treated him like a hotel did, and he liked the food. The crew also had supper with us and everybody seemed to like the fish and food. Two of the Coman party will remain on Jarvis: they are William Chadwick, the radio man, and Louis Suares, a Kamehameha Schools student. Their camp is situated on the beach crest, about 200 yards from our cottage, right alongside the graveyard. After supper, they all went aboard the Kinkajou, including Dan and George. Staying on Jarvis were Henry, Frank, and Louis Suares. Dan and George chatted with the crew and listened to the radio; they heard stations in New Zealand and on the Pacific coast.
Sept. 2. Dr. Coman, some of the crew, the radio man, Dan and George came ashore at about 9:00 A. M. Dr. Coman had breakfast with us as did the others who came ashore. He said he never ate better pancakes. After breakfast, Henry escorted Dr. Coman, Chadwick and Suares to various places on the island. They collected guano samples, which Dr. Coman said was a mission of the party now stationed on Jarvis. Dan, Frank and George kept company with the crew who came ashore. The Kinkajou has a small crew: first mate, chief engineer, three sailors and a cook, in addition to the Captain. Later Mr. Chadwick went to work on the radio apparatus, and the rest went swimming. The departure, at 11:30, was hearty. Dr. Coman again expressed his appreciation for what he called hospitality. It took over an hour to get up the anchor and set the sails. The Kinkajou finally got under way at 12:12 P. M. and was out of sight by 2:15. It was going to Christmas Island where it expected to meet the Islander, which was bringing more fuel.
In the afternoon Henry and George helped Mr. Chadwick, who was racing against time to get the radio apparatus hooked up for night traffic. He said he had some important schedules to meet. By dusk everything was completed Suares had supper with us. We practiced good neighborliness and took food to Chadwick. After supper we all gathered in the radio shack to hear whatever news there was. The schedules did not materialize, but we heard the Islander calling the Kinkajou. Also, Mr. Chadwick contacted KYG, Globe Wireless Co. at Kawaihapai, and KHK at Wahiawa. He re-layed two of Dr. Coman's messages. We checked our clocks by time signals from San Francisco Naval Radio, and found them 15 minutes behind.
Sept. 3. For the first time since leaving the Itasca we have eggs to eat: fried eggs for breakfast and some in our pancake dough. Fresh fruits, butter and rice were also received.
We gathered in the "radio shack" tonight, and Bill Chadwick sent messages to our folks at home through an amateur in Honolulu. He also sent an article for publication, written by Dr. Coman. The Itasca was contacted, but Bill was unable to reach Howland Island.
During the two weeks which passed between the arrival of the Kinkajou and that of the Itasca on September 15, very interesting relationship developed between the personnel of the two camps. Henry Ahia spent many evenings in the "radio shack" with Bill Chadwick. Various messages ere transmitted to Honolulu and the Itasca. Louis Suares worked harmoniously with his schoolmates. They fished together, ate many meals together, included him in their work and leisure time activities. The Kinkajou had brought a number of old magazines, which added to their stock of read-ing material. Frank received word that arrangements for his entrance to the University of Hawaii had been completed, and now he is certain about returning to Honolulu; but Dan and Henry plan to remain on the island. Much time was spent improving the appearance of the camp. There was con-siderable heavy rain and drizzle on the 12th. Radio contact was made with Howland and arrangements were made for a radio program from Honolulu on the evening of Sept. 14, with greetings from relatives and friends.
Sept. 15. The Itasca was sighted at 10:27 A. M. and it stopped about 500 yards off shore an hour later. The first landing party consisted of Mr. W. T. Miller, Captain H. A. Meyer, Commander Derby, Sgt. Austin Collins, and Theodore Kana. They were shown our new cottage by Henry Ahia, and commented on improvements since the last visit. Kenneth Bell and Jacob Haili will replace Frank Cockett and George West, George will go to San Jose State College. Henry and Dan will remain for another three months. Mr. Miller gave Henry and Dan permission to go aboard the Itasca for lunch, accompanied by Louis Suares and Bill Chadwick. Parties of the ship's crew came ashore and went immediately to the shipwreck to collect souvenirs. Others helped to unload supplies and water drums. Captain Meyer (promoted since his previous visit to Jarvis) talked with Henry Ahia regarding our food and water supply, health and other things of im-portance. Unloading of supplies and water was completed by 3:30 P. M., and all of the "Colonists" came ashore for a visit, to exchange news and admire the island. They returned to the Itasca at 4:00 P. M. The storing of our food supplies commenced immediately, and it was all safe within the shelter of the ration tent before sundown.
Sept. 17. Jacob and Kenneth made a trip to the shipwreck before breakfast. Much of the day was spent checking the inventory list. Henry and Kenneth went spear fishing with Bill Chadwick. The large mullet they caught had worms in its flesh and was unfit to eat. Henry and Dan received a radio message from Honolulu that their parents and friends would speak with them on Saturday at 5:00 P.M. via radio-phone, made possible by Kenneth Kum King, radio operator on Howland with the Coman Expedition.
Sept. 18. A double layer of wax paper was laid on the board roof of the cottage, and a canvas tent fly was put over the paper to hold it down. The evening centered around new musical instruments--guitar, ukulele and harmonica, with singing.
Sept. 19. Just before lunch, two large fish were noticed swimming around the bathing place. They were not sharks but were believed to be either 'o'io or 'a 'awa. Dan's surrounding net was used to capture them, but one broke through the net and got away. The other measured 3-1/2 feet long, 2 feet 4 inches in circumference, and weighed 60 pounds. Some we had for supper, and the rest was dried.
Sept. 20. It was noted that Kenneth and Jacob seem to have adjusted themselves to their surroundings and are fitting into the routine of duty in excellent fashion. The combined members of both camps went spear fishing and caught a variety of fishes. In the evening Henry Ahia heard that Joseph Anakalea and Folinga Faufata were stationed on Howland, replacing William Toomey and William Anahu, who are returning to Kamehameha for their final year of high school.
Sept. 21. At 5:00 P.M. Henry heard his two brothers, Sam and Charles, speak to him over the radiophone; and Dan heard his dad. They told of interesting happenings in Honolulu--football, boat racing, and family news.
Sept. 22, j Sunday, a "day of rest." Dan, Kenneth and Louis visited the shipwreck to get lumber for surfboards.
Sept. 23. Kenneth, Jacob and Henry worked on leveling the airfield area and began to construct a large T-shaped marker, 20 x 30 feet to be visible from the air.
Sept. 25. Henry and Jacob constructed another marker on the extreme western side of the airfield.
Sept. 26. Kenneth worked on his surfboard, 6-1/2 feet long, the first to be constructed on Jarvis. Dan Toomey worked all day on one 12 feet long. Louis Suares went to the shipwreck for more lumber for his.
Sept. 27. Kenneth Bell caught a "quail" this morning and brought it back to the cottage. He intends to make a pet of it The bird is quite tame but shy of our presence. We named the bird "Oscar. Henry and Kenneth, with a little scoop net, went into the field to catch love birds for pets. They captured two: one all white, the other lavender in color.
Sept. 28. Kenneth made a trip to the shipwreck be-breakfast. He intends to lengthen his surfboard from a 6 footer to nine feet. Dan and Kenneth worked on their surfboards in the morning and went surfing in the afternoon.
Sept. 29, another Sunday. Surf riding in the afternoon. In the evening Henry visited the radio shack and heard a radio program between Honolulu and Howland. Hearing that Dan Toomey's dad wanted to speak to him, Henry raced to the cottage and got the other three. Don Mitchell, of the Kameha-meha faculty, and various schoolmates also spoke. The occasion was Dan's 21st birthday.
Sept. 30. Inventory was taken of camp equipment, provisions and water supply. Kenneth Bell constructed dumb-bells and bar bells, using old dry cells as weights. He made them of different weights- -four to nine cells on each. Gym headquarters are in the camp supply tent. Dan caught a "quail" at 4:45 A. M. He was awakened by the whistling of the bird outside the cottage. Today was Henry Ahia's 23rd birthday.
Oct. 1. Hauled the last two of the 19 drums of water from the beach to the beacon.
Oct. 2. Jacob Haili went to the shipwreck and brought back six pieces of lumber to make into a bed, 3 x 6 feet, without legs. Dan and Jacob began their "body-building" exercises; Henry and Kenneth also did exercises. Henry went to the radio shack and heard some girl friends talk to the boys on Howland. ]
Oct. 3. After a strenuous day collecting specimens in the field, Henry went to the radio shack and the others organized the "Jarvinia Hot Shot Quartet."
Oct. 4. Jacob Haili worked on a contraption to perfect his "U-ma" ability [hand wrestling] . Dan rigged up a lighting system for reading at night, using five dry cells. Kenneth cleared a path from the beacon to the supply tent and began to draw a map of the island. Henry Ahia has a fine collection of sea shells.
Oct. 6. A large turtle was seen, believed to weigh in excess of 500 pounds. Our friend Oscar has been free to roam the beach, with clipped wings. It visits the cottage regularly for food and water.
Oct. 8. Shell collecting has become the fad of Jarvis Henry has the largest collection; Dan and Jacob have just started. Kenneth walked to the shipwreck to survey some lumber. He intends to construct a house a few yards to the left of the beacon.
Oct. 9. Kenneth visited the shipwreck twice, return-ing with lumber. We are all kept busy surfing, exercising and reading. Since the departure of the Itasca the weather has been good; no rain, the ocean smooth.
Oct. 10. Kenneth made two more trips for lumber; he is anxious to complete his house. Dan went lobster hunting on the reef to the north when the tide was low; he got a dozen and one 'u'u fish, eaten for supper.
Oct. 11. Henry and Dan discussed building either a frame house or a grass shack. Dan scouted for lumber, bringing back a load via the water route. He pulled it around the SW corner, as a raft--easier than carrying it across the island. Henry collected shells; Jacob also collected shells on the reef.
Oct. 12. Kenneth visited the shipwreck twice, securing lumber. Dan made one such trip, pulling a load of lumber around the SW end.
Oct. 13. Kenneth made two trips to the shipwreck for lumber. Henry collected shells on the west beach. Dan Toomey and Louis Suares (of Coman camp) incorporated to build a house around the south and west sides of the beacon. It will be a two-story house with the inside of the beacon turned into a room.
Oct. 14. Kenneth began to construct his house, work-ing on it all day. Henry went shell hunting along the western beach Dan and Louis worked on their house all morning and went for more lumber in the afternoon.
Oct. 15. A heavy shower in the early morning, off land on for half an hour. Two more showers about 2:00 P.M.; the sky overcast most of the day. Kenneth gathered more dumber and worked on his house. Dan and Louis continued t building a sturdy foundation for their two-story house.
Oct. 16. Kenneth made two trips to the shipwreck for lumber. Henry and Jacob made an oven out of an empty 5 gallon flour can. They baked biscuits in it. Dan, Louis and Bill Chadwick went fishing on the reef, SW of the beacon. They found two lobster holes and collected a total of 25 lobsters; eaten for supper and breakfast.
Oct. 17. Transporting lumber from the shipwreck still going full blast. Kenneth and Dan working hard on their house Henry continues to collect shells on the SW beach. Henry, Jacob, Louis and Bill went fishing. Henry speared a six foot shark, the largest captured on Jarvis. Weather fine and cool.
Oct. 18. More lumber hauling and house construction. Two days ago we had our last pork and beans. A quarter bag of potatoes spoiled on us.
Oct. 19. House construction continues. Henry and Bill Chadwick collected shells. They spent the evening in the radio shack and learned that Kam gridders were victors over their long-time rivals, Punahou; score 19 to 6.
Oct. 20. Another Sunday. Dan collected shells be-fore breakfast and also speared a large-size moana [goat fish] which was enjoyed for lunch. Kenneth continued to get lumber and work on his house. Dan Toomey rigged up a reading light, using two dry cells and a 2.4 volt bulb.
Oct. 21. Provisions were checked this morning by Henry Ahia. After that he and Jacob collected shells. Kenneth made two trips to the shipwreck for lumber and j worked on his house. Dan and Louis did a little work on their house. There was a heavy shower at 4:00 A. M., total 0.05 inch. In the evening Kenneth and Louis went into the field to collect booby eggs. They got a total of seven to eat for breakfast tomorrow.
Oct. 22. Kenneth early this morning went into the field again to get more booby eggs; only two of the seven collected were good. He found 14, ten of which were good to eat cooked with corned beef hash; they did not have a fishy taste. Dan made five trips to the shipwreck.
Oct. 23. Kenneth spent all morning working on a map of Jarvis Island. In the afternoon he carried 14 bags of gravel for the floor of his house. In the evening he moved from the cottage into his newly built house. He rigged up a lighting system with five dry cells and an 8 volt bulb. Dan worked on his surfboard. After lunch he and Louis went to the shipwreck for more lumber, transporting it home on a cart which Louis had made. Henry and Jacob collected shells.
Oct. 24. Henry collected shells, beginning at the shipwreck and going three-quarters of the way around the island. Kenneth worked on his map, and with Dan and Louis selected lumber at the shipwreck. A common sight from the cottage in the evening: schools of porpoises swimming in. endless numbers. When it is calm, we also see a few sting rays in the channel of the landing place. News was received by radio that the Itasca will sail from Honolulu to San Fran-cisco within three days.
Oct. 25. A very light shower greeted us this morning. at 6:00. The sky was completely overcast with cumulo-nimbus clouds. The wind (19 miles per hour) blew the clouds past the island. Later the sky cleared. Jacob, Kenneth and Louis walked to the SE end of the island to check on some coral ridges this morning. They located some old guano track rails to add to their maps. Henry worked on a map of the island in the morning and collected shells in the afternoon.
Oct. 26. Henry and Kenneth worked on their maps. Kenneth rigged up a table light with five dry cells and an 8-volt bulb. Dan erected a new flagpole on the beacon, above which it protrudes 12 feet. The beacon is 25 feet high. Dan and Louis at 9:30 went into the field to study different types of booby birds. They killed a few eels and collected some shells by flashlight.
Oct. 27. This morning we put bos'n bird eggs in our hotcakes. It made the cakes fluffy and gave them color. Out of 14 eggs collected four were good. The tide was unusually low around 9:00A.M., so we did some fishing. Dan and Henry caught two lobsters, also two large red snappers.
Oct. 28. Dan made two trips to the shipwreck. He and Louis brought back 30 pieces of lumber on the cart. These were for the floor of the house they were building. Henry checked the ration supply, worked on his map, and collected shells. Later he worked on a T-shaped marker on the air-field. Kenneth gathered clam shells to decorate around his house. In the evening he collected bos'n bird eggs. The ocean began to get rough, with big breakers and a strong undertow. Kenneth, Jacob, Henry and Louis went surfing.
Oct. 29. Kenneth collected more eggs. A dozen of his 20 were good. They were cooked for breakfast. Henry worked on flattening a mound in the airfield. Others collected shells. After supper Dan and Louis worked on the floor of their house. Two cans of poi had a bad odor and were unfit to eat. This is the first time this had happened.
Oct. 30. Henry worked on his map and laid out his shells, over 300 worthy of recognition. He sorted out the best. In the afternoon he hunted more shells on the beach north of camp. Kenneth and Jacob made two trips to the shipwreck for lumber. They will make two 11-foot surfboards.
Oct. 31. Dan Toomey took an inventory of provisions, water and supplies. We have plenty, but not much variety in foods. Kenneth worked on his surfboard in addition to re-cording weather. Henry, Dan and Jacob hunted for shells, finding quite a lot in good condition. Large waves at 3:00 made surfing exciting.
Nov. 1. Jacob recorded weather and worked on his surfboard. Henry worked on his map in the morning and collected shells in the afternoon. Kenneth completed work on his surfboard. In the afternoon he went surfing with Jacob and Louis. The waves last night washed up higher on the beach than Dan and Henry had seen during their stay (about 7-1/2 months). We enjoyed a 3/8ths yellow moon and its re-flection on the ocean.
Nov. 2. Dan worked on his house all day, between recording weather. Henry collected shells and leveled a mound in the airfield. Jacob worked on his surfboard. He went surfing with Kenneth, Henry and Louis. Kenneth sand-papered his surfboard and made a shade for one of the window of his house. Henry visited the radio shack and learned the results of a football game: Kamehameha 30, Roosevelt High 13.
Nov. 3. Henry recorded weather, collected shells and went surfing. Others also went surfing. Kenneth col-lected eggs of a booby and a bos'n; boiling made them just like rubber. Dan and Louis spent the day at the shipwreck cutting more lumber. They started back with 60 pieces on the cart. After 300 yards the axle broke.
Nov. 4. A new axle stood the load for about 100 yards and also gave way. They off-loaded half the lumber and hauled the rest to camp on a third axle- -a steel shaft. They worked on their house until 5:00 and then went lobster fishing getting only one. Kenneth recorded weather. He was appoint by Henry to take charge of the medical supplies. He trans-ferred them from the tent, where the weather instruments are located, to his house.
Nov. 5. Henry collected shells, leveled a mound, and made a windbreak for a coconut palm out of a gunny sack. In the evening he, Kenneth and Louis went torch fishing. Dan, and Louis worked on their house; Kenneth on his map; and Jacob on his surfboard. In the evening there was a mouse -killing jaunt, over fifty by torch-light.
Nov. 6. Henry and Bill Chadwick went on a shark hunt. Dan worked on his house while recording weather. Kenneth and Jacob hunted for shells. Kenneth made a closet and a towel rack in his house. Jacob worked on his surf-board. Bill Chadwick hooked an octopus which measured about 8 feet from tip to tip. After considerable pounding and boiling, half was fried for supper and the rest dried.
Nov. 7. Fishing, between recording weather, Henry Ahia caught three good sized sharks. At about 9:30, Dan, Kenneth and Louis caught 197 aholehole in Dan's surround net near the channel at the SW end of the island. They used some of the fish as bait to catch sharks. Louis caught two sharks, and Kenneth caught two red snappers and four other fishes. Seventy aholehole were cleaned and dried, also all next day.
Nov. 9. Jacob worked on his surfboard, between recording weather, and went surfing with Kenneth, Henry and Louis. Dan Toomey (who keeps the log) went lobster hunting, catching four, which were eaten for lunch. In the evening, Dan and Suares caught over 300 aholehole in the surround net at the landing site. About 40 of the largest were kept, the rest thrown back into the sea. Eleven were cleaned for drying; five eaten for breakfast; the rest used for catching sharks by Henry and Kenneth. The beach SW of camp was considered the best area for shell collecting on the island. Much time is being spent in shell collecting and hunting for sharks, caught for their jaws. A heavy shower from 10:40 to 11:15, 0.09 inches of rain.
The usual activities on Nov. 11.
Nov. 12. Kenneth constructed a flagpole and put it in front of his house, flying a small American flag. Dan and Louis fished for sharks and collected shells on the east shore. They caught three sharks land extracted the jaws of two. An eel tried to bite Dan's ankle. On the way back they discovered a lobster hole and collected 30 for supper and breakfast. Henry and Kenneth visited the radio shack and talked with Howland.
Nov. 13. Jacob carved his name on his surfboard between making weather records. Dan and Henry worked on the roof of the cottage. At the radio shack, Henry and Kenneth heard signals from the Kinkajou.
Nov. 14. heavy shower at 5:50 A. M. , 0.09 inch in five minutes. Kenneth, Jacob and Henry made fishing poles and caught four 'u'u trying them out; eaten for supper. Louder signals from the Kinkajou.
Nov. 15. Dan and Louis journeyed across the island to the SE corner to measure the height of the ground above sea level at about ten places.
Nov. 16. Between taking weather observations, Kenneth cleaned the gymnasium tent and put paper on the roof of his house. Others collected shells. Henry's collection still the best.
Nov. 18. The ocean began to get rough today, with big breakers -- good for surfing.
Nov. 19. Kenneth constructed a high jump stand while Jacob dug the jumping pit. After lunch, the whole group participated in track events, high jump and shot put Dan and Louis caught a large school of aholehole; 50 were kept, about 30 cleaned and dried, the rest eaten for supper. Dan moved into the house he and Louis built.
Nov. 20. Henry cleaned and rearranged the cottage Dan got more lumber for a 14-foot surfboard, with the help of Jacob and Louis.
Nov. 21. Jacob went surfing with Louis, Henry made two shell collecting trips. Dan worked all day on a 14-foot surfboard; the 12-foot one he had made wasn't large enough for him to stand up on. Dan and Louis prac-ticed the shot-put.
Nov. 22. Kenneth caught, cleaned, cooked and ate a young bos'n bird. He planted "mau" in front of his house. [Ma'o is the ilima-like Abutilon.] Jacob and Louis surfing.
Nov. 23. Jacob made a shelf to display his shells. Kenneth made a "harpoon gun. " Dan worked on his surf-board. All went surfing. Bill Chadwick's radio brought news that the volcano was erupting near Hilo, from Mauna Loa.
Nov. 24. A quiet day, the tenth Sunday since the de-parture of the Itasca.
Nov. 25. Henry checked provisions. Others went surfing, insect and shell collecting.
Nov. 26. Kenneth and Jacob made sling shots and shot 'mice." Every-one went body surfing in a very rough ocean, the waves rolling up to within a few feet of the beach crest.
Nov. 27. Everyone was out looking for shells. Body surfing in the afternoon.
Nov. 28. The flag was flown in observance of Thanksgiving Day. We had ham in the absence of turkey; our 'best dish on Jarvis."
Nov. 29. Dan hunted shells and made two shelves for the "beacon house." Surfing in the afternoon. Kenneth planted pig weed and 'ilima in gallon cans and put them in the shade of the beacon. Henry cleaned and oiled some tools.
Nov. 30. Shell collecting dominated the day. Dan and Henry took inventory of supplies and provisions. We have run out of evaporated milk, corn, pineapples, Vienna sausage, and rice. We have a few more cans of ham and poi. Corned beef will be our main dish until the Itasca returns. Ample water and kerosene.
Dec. 1. Today's activities were mainly recreational: --shell collecting, surfing. Dan cleaned rust off tools. Dec.2. When not otherwise employed -plenty of reading and playing musical instruments. The ocean quiet again. Dan made a harpoon with which to spear sharks and large fish. Others read and collected shells. Henry visits the radio shack most evenings.
Dec. 3. Henry cleaned and oiled tools, putting them away in wax paper. He began to make three outdoor stoves out of empty kerosene cans.
Dec. 4. Overcast sky and a 1ight shower at 8:10 A. M. The sky cleared. Some surfing at 10:00, and shell collecting.
Dec. 5. Between recording weather, Henry finished the outdoor stoves. Surfing in the afternoon.
Dec. 6. Dan went on an early morning shell hunt. Surfing at 9:30. Henry got some fine shell specimens across the island.
Dec. 9. Dan collected shells and at 9:30 went spear fishing, catching 13 aholehole, cleaned by Henry for supper. Kenneth and Louis studied plants in the 77 field.
Dec. 8. Shell collecting and surfing. Kenneth made. a kite and tried flying it. He tied the cord to the flagpole in front of his house and let it fly all day.
Dec. 9. Dan, Kenneth and Louis went spear fishing. They caught 5 uhu, 1 moana, and 'u'u. Henry cleaned the fish for supper. Kenneth and Louis made two electric buzzers to practice the code, transmitted by wire between Kenneth s house and "Beacon house."
Dec. 10. Henry collected shells on the eastern shore; Dan on the beach north of camp. Between recording weather, Kenneth worked on his buzzer.
Dec. 11. Jacob recorded weather and went surfing with Henry and Louis. Dan, Kenneth and Louis went spear fishing after lunch, catching 8 aholehole and 1 uliu; cleaned by Dan and Henry and eaten for supper. Since November 30, our main dish has been corn beef, supplemented by fish and lobster, when the ocean is not too rough. We have run out of baking powder, canned poi, peaches and peas. We have one can of ham, which we are saving for some future holiday We have lots of fruit juices and can get along until the Itasca arrives.
Dec. 12. Henry collected shells all morning and went surfing with Kenneth, Jacob and Louis in the afternoon. Dan recorded weather. The lack of sufficient food has compelled the two members of the Coman camp to dine with us. -
Dec. 13. Dan and Louis went lobster hunting and fishing on the reef. They caught 7 lobsters, 1 'u'u, and 6 aholehole. These were eaten for supper.
Dec. 14. Henry and Bill Chadwick made a trip to the shipwreck and hauled some lumber to camp. They plan to build a raft.
Dec. 15. Dan took inventory of provisions and supplies. We have food to last at least 25 days. Henry worked on the raft and speared fish, catching half a dozen aholehole, which we ate for lunch. Kenneth constructed a path from his house to the beacon.
Dec. 16. Henry and Louis went spearfishing morning and caught a dozen aholehole, which we had fo lunch. Again, in the afternoon they caught 16 aholehole and 3 lobsters for the evening meal. Dec. 17. Henry, Dan and Louis went net fishing north £ camp and caught 150 aholehole. They cleaned 45 for the next three meals, also 25 for drying. The balance were thrown back into the ocean. The next few days followed the same pattern. The number of aholehole caught were as follows: Dec. 18, 62; 19th, 50; 20th, 45; 21st, 56, 22nd, 60; 3rd, 36; 24th, 40.
Dec. 20. In the evening everyone wrote a few lines Christmas greetings to folks back home, and Bill Chadwick sent these by amateur radio to Honolulu.
On Dec. 21, Dan caught an octopus, about 6 feet across. He pounded and salted it. In the afternoon all joined in launching the raft built by Henry. The whole Jarvis Island personnel, while in the raft, were suddenly struck by a big wave which threatened to capsize the raft. A strong current, flowing out to sea, held the raft marooned in the channel for quite a spell. If the rope which held us to the shore had been weak, no doubt would have been swept to sea. We finally man-aged to haul the raft to shore. Everyone was cool-headed during this exciting experience.
Dec. 23. Kenneth journeyed to the shipwreck and brought back a load of lumber to repair the roof of his house.
Dec. 24. Henry cleaned up his cottage; and Jacob did the same in his, and also went surfing with Louis. Dan hauled gravel between recording weather.
Dec. 25. The flag was flown in observance of Christ-mas Day. The ham was cooked for Christmas dinner.
Dec. 26. Henry chopped wood, repaired his cot, painted his surfboard, and stewed a "quail" bird, which Louis had caught, with tomatoes and dill pickles for lunch. Some thought (or at least said) it was "delicious"; others were less enthusiastic, but at least it filled their stomachs.
Dec. 27. Dan, Henry and Louis went fishing with the surround net, catching 60 aholehole. An octopus, about 6-feet across, pounced on one of the fish in the net and succeeded in swimming to a hole. Dan hurried to camp for spears and they captured the octopus. The fishes were cleaned for meals; the octopus was pounded and dried. Hen also caught a shark and extracted the jaw. Henry sandpaper his surfboard between recording weather. Kenneth painted his surfboard and made a pair of wooden slippers.
Dec. 28. Surfing and fishing were the order of the day; 56 aholehole caught. Henry learned at the radio shack that the Kinkajou was expected to arrive tomorrow.
Dec. 29. At 7:15 A. M. the Kinkajou was sighted on the southwestern horizon. The ocean was calm and the yacht used its engine to come up to shore. It did not anchor, but drifted off and came back by power. At 9:00 A. M. the skipper Captain Constantine Flink, two Samoan members of the crew, and two Kamehameha School boys, Elmer Williamson and Arthur Harris, who had been stationed on Howland and Baker, respectively, came ashore. They brought letters from Honolulu. We learned that the Kinkajou had visited Samoa and 13 other islands in the South Seas. We also learned that the Itasca will sail from Honolulu for one of our islands on January 7. Kenneth Bell went on board the Kinkajou with the first returning boat and talked with Dr. Francis Dana Coman of Johns Hopkins University, and Kenneth Lum King, of Honolulu, radio operator stationed on Howland for the Coma Expedition. Henry and Dan also went on board, and all were warmly received. They had lunch on the Kinkajou.
After lunch, Dr. Coman, Kenneth Lum King, and so members of the crew came on shore. A strong current and. big waves had the boat marooned for about half an hour in the channel, and the oarsmen certainly were tired when shore was reached. Henry showed the visitors around camp. Dr. Y Coman went into the field to look over the guano prospects. He highly commended us on the improvements to our camp. Members of the crew visited the Amaranth. We all wrote letters to folks in Honolulu in answer to the ones received. Dr. Homer F. Barnes, Principal in charge of the Kamehameha Schools, sent Henry Ahia and Toomey their pay checks for the six months from March to August. These checks were left with Dr. Barnesby Mr. W. T. Miller, to be forwarded to the boys as soon as possible. The boys endorsed the checks and sent them back to Dr. Barnes to be cashed. A letter of thanks was also sent to Miss Bertha Van Auken, matron of the Boys' Dining Hall, for the things sent to us by her. Henry Ahia also wrote to Mr. Clarence V. Budd, thank-lug him for the magazines received from him. We also re-ceived copies of "Ka Moi," Kamehameha Schools weekly paper from Mr. Loring G. Hudson and thanked him for them.
letter addressed to the four boys of Jarvis was received from J. N. Taylor of Washington, D. C. Enclosed were two newspaper clippings about us here on Jarvis and the other two islands: one from the New York Times, Sunday, Sept. 1, l935, a picture; and the other from the Star, Washington, D. C., October 20, 1935, a long news story describing the reason for the colonization of the three islands, and four pictures of the islands. There was a return stamped envelope, on which Mr. Taylor wished us to indicate that it came from Jarvis Island and close to the equator, as he is a stamp col-1ector. He also asked us for our home addresses.
About 5:00 o'clock this evening, with all the equipment of the Coman camp stored on board the Kinkajou except one tent, three drums of water, and the radio antenna, which is still on the island, most of the crew went on board the Kinkajou. Dr. Coman, Kenneth Lum King, Elmer Williamson, Louis Snares, and two members of the crew had supper with us before going on board. The Kinkajou got under way at 6:15, and we all sat in the cottage watching it until darkness hid it from our vision, taking from the island Bill Chadwick, radio operator, and Louis J. Suares, fellow Kam student, who had been resident of Jarvis since September 1st. Food stuff left us from the Kinkajou includes sugar, canned tuna, canned grapefruit juice, dried apples, bacon and Crisco, which we certainly needed.
Dec. 30. Early this morning, before breakfast, Kenneth Bell covered the roof of his house with wax paper to keep the rain out. The velocity of the wind was low, the best time for such work. He also kept weather records. The rest of us read or talked about the coming of the Itasca. Henry trimmed Dan's beard.
Dec. 31. Henry had obtained a hacksaw blade from the Kinkajou, and early this morning, after breakfast, he journeyed to the Amaranth to finish cutting off the stern wheel. However, the blade broke while he was sawing. He returned to camp with some souvenirs of the wreck for Don Mitchell, of the Kamehameha faculty. In the afternoon he went spearfishing, catching four aholehole, which we had for supper. Jacob was recording weather. Dan took inventory of provisions and other supplies. We enjoyed some Chinese sweet seeds which Jacob had received from Honolulu via the Kinkajou.
Jan. 1, 1936. Only the daily chores to write about. The whole group spent the day reading. Kenneth collected a, few shells.
Jan. 2. Henry recorded weather. The group passed the time reading.
Jan. 3. Henry went spearfishing and got 10 aholehole and one uhu [parrot fish], which we ate for supper. Dan collected shells.
Jan. 4. Henry went spearfishing and got a dozen aholehole. Dan and Kenneth speared two uhu on the reef.
Jan. 5. Henry speared ten aholehole and two uhu on the reef. Our main diet is now fish, fried or, boiled, with hard tack, jam, and canned tomatoes, cooked with white beans. We also dill pickles, sauerkraut and spinach. Kenneth packed up his personal belongings in boxes
Jan. 6. Dan speared six uhu, which we had for supper. Henry recorded weather and sandpapered the rust off some tools.
Jan. 7. Henry speared 15 aholehole and two uhu Half the aholehole were eaten for lunch, the rest for supper While Henry was cleaning the fish a shark came up near the beach. Henry yanked it by the tail, clear out of the water and up on the beach.
Jan. 8. The ocean was calm this morning and the raft was put into the water. We all fished from the raft uhu and popa'a (for bait). Henry trimmed Dan's hair. Later he went spearfishing and got a dozen aholehole for supper.
Jan. 9. Henry speared ten aholehole and four uhu. Later he oiled all the tools.
Jan. 10. The raft washed ashore and was partly wrecked. Henry chopped up the wood for firewood Dan and Kenneth went lobster hunting and found eight and one moana. The flag was raised and it will continue to fly until the Itasca arrives.
Jan. 11. Henry caught a large red snapper at the southeast en of the island; we ate it for lunch. Dan packed his belongings, ready for shipment. Jacob installed new dry-cell batteries in his lighting system. Rain today from 2:00 to 2:45, 0.10 inch.
Jan 12. House cleaning, shell collecting, and fishing (20 aholehole and a lobster) filled the day.
Jan. 13. Dan and Henry caught four lobsters and ten aholehole. More shell collecting.
Jan. 14. Ten more aholehole, all eaten for supper. Kenneth made a trip to the shipwreck for lumber to make a floor for his house. We were all certain that the Itasca would come tomorrow.
Jan. 15. The Itasca was sighted at 9:30 A.M. by Henry Ahia. We were delighted to see her. Our food supply was about exhausted. All we had were eleven gallons of tomatoes and five pounds of beans. By eating fish we had made our three months supplies last for four months. Also at our meal table were two men of the Coman Expedition, who ran out of food on December 12 and ate with us until December 29.
The first boat in brought Mr. Miller, Captain Meyer, Sgt Collins, and seven Kam boys, namely Solomon Kalama, Joseph Kim, W. Yomes, Alexander Kahapes, Henry Chumu-kini, George Kahanau, and Henry Mahikoa, the first three graduates of the school. Luther Waiwaiole, a graduate, and. James Carroll, who is still attending school, were aboard, in charge of shipping our food supplies, taking their liberty later. We were glad to see our friends again. Henry Ahia and Dan Toomey, who had been on this island for ten months, prepared to return home.
Kenneth Bell was appointed leader on Jarvis; remaining with him were William Yomes, Henry Mahikoa, and Jacob Haili. Mr. Miller took motion pictures of the four boys who had lived on the island, and later of the four boys who were to stay. Kenneth and Jacob were invited on board the Itasca and were cordially greeted by Captain Brown, who seemed to be a jovial person. They were given a big dinner. At 3.00 P.M. they returned to the island, along with the crew going on liberty. A hacksaw was brought from the ship and Sgt. Collins and a lot of sailors crossed the island and brought back the steering wheel of the Amaranth Two 8 x 8 x 10 inch posts were also brought for the purpose of -building a platform for the cannon that is in the Bishop Muse -This old cannon was found on Baker Island. Shells for the museum were also selected from those collected by the boys on Jarvis. At five o'clock a call was given for all visitors to return to the ship, and farewells were said. The Itasca left for Baker and Howland. Kenneth, Henry, William and Jacob started to carry the provisions to the supply tent. At seven o'clock Henry and William enjoyed their first meal since sailing from Honolulu.
Jan. 16. Jacob Haili recorded weather and showed Henry Mahikoa how to use and read the various instruments. Our daily routine started off with Henry and Jacob cooking and William and Kenneth washing dishes. After breakfast I we continued to carry our provisions to the supply tent. Kenneth built shelves in our kitchen. During the afternoon Henry explored the island. At 5:00 Haili had the pleasure of clipping Mahikoa's hair.
Jan. 17. William Yomes started his first day on duty. He and Henry had learned the use of the instruments. Jacob and Kenneth helped him to describe the different clouds, but only a few types of clouds had appeared so far. Kenneth, Henry and William put the food tent in order and took inventory. We have 37 drums of fresh water. In the afternoon Henry and Kenneth collected shells. The new I boys learned the Jarvis way of surfing.
Jan. 18. Henry Mahikoa came on duty for the first time. Kenneth and William repaired the road to the beach so that it would be easier to roll the drums of water up to the houses. The old road had been wrecked by the gigantic I waves we had, at which time the water rose to about the level of our houses, 15 feet above sea level. Henry and Jacob checked an inventory of tools and equipment. Henry J and Kenneth planted two coconuts in cans, 14 inches square. A lot of plants had been sent to Jarvis by the H. S. P. A. [Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association] of Honolulu. We will also endeavor to plant the seeds taken from fruits given to us--avocado, prunes and dates. In the evening, before supper, Henry sat on the beach, deciding whether to bathe, or fool the sharks and not bathe. The sharks, appearing to be away, he finally waded in about ten feet. Re soon came out faster than he went in, a six foot shark at his heels. The shark was soon caught with a hook by William and Henry, making the event the first of their shark experiences on Jarvis.
Jan. 19. During the morning the four brought up two drums of water; 12 had been brought to the island this time. Then we went fishing. When Henry first saw the schools of aholehole, he got so excited that the spear he threw fell short. After fishing, we amused ourselves surfing. William Yomes planted two coconuts in cans. If the trees sent by the H.S.P.A. grow, we will have the pleasure of resting in their shade, and may possibly acquire more rain.
Jan. 20. Two more water drums were hauled up to 'the beacon. The tide today varied: low for a few minutes, then rising suddenly, to rage violently. William and Jacob did their first surfing in the afternoon.
Jan. 21. The young trees and shrubs seem to be growing nicely, with the exception of the coconut palms. Two more water drums were hauled up, made easy by using a one- inch rope 100 yards long. Both ends were tied to the beacon and the two parts laid parallel down to the beach 50 yards below the beacon. The drum was placed on the two lengths and the slack was thrown over and used to roll the drum up the hill. Kenneth showed William and Henry the different devices used in our gymnasium.
Jan. 22. Henry recorded weather. We also record the tide. We hauled up two more drums of water and then went fishing and later surfing. The newcomers are becoming expert.
Jan. 23. Two more water drums hauled up. Kenneth dug up a coconut palm, which had been planted last March, and put it in a large can with a sand foundation. This is the only one of those planted in rich guano soil which had sur-vived. William is quite a musician and can produce piano chords on a guitar.
Jan. 24. This morning the entire population of Jarvis united to roll the last two water drums from the beach to the beacon. Kenneth, Henry and Yomes made a trip to the shipwreck to bring back more lumber. Kenneth and Henry began building another room on Jacob's two-story house.
Jan. 25. Kenneth and Henry obtained more lumber from the Amaranth. Our coconut pals are growing nicely. A new moon found Jacob and William strumming their stringed instruments.
Jan. 26. Sunday was distinguished by the singing of a few hymns, swimming in the afternoon, and music in the evening.
Jan. 27. More lumber was brought over from the Amaranth We practiced Hawaiian songs in the evening. Mahikoa is the best tenor of the island; William, baritone, and Jacob, second base.
Jan. 28. Kenneth and Henry carried seven bags of gravel for the new room, used for flooring, for wood is becoming scarce. In the afternoon everyone reported to the gymnasium for their daily exercises which are taken seriously on Jarvis.
Jan. 29. Kenneth, William and Henry started a roofing job on the home of William and Henry. The tent fly, which had been used previously as protection against the rain, was removed and replaced with genuine roofing material and yard-wide strips of canvas. Some read the new magazines contributed by several ladies and gentlemen in Honolulu, brought down on the Itasca; others hunted for shells. Music in the evening.
Jan. 30. All swam for fifteen minutes before lunch.. The sharks seemed to mind their own business, so we left them alone. In the evening Kenneth and William combed the beach for more shells. Jan. 31. An inventory was made oft our food supply, tools, equipment and various miscellaneous articles. All went for a swim in the channel, then to the gymnasium at 3:30 P.M. In the evening, to Kenneth's home for a card game; and last to the home of William and Henry, for refreshments--cookies and orange punch.
Feb. 1. All worked on the "future, proposed landing field," leveling mounds and filling holes. When it became too hot, back to camp for a swim in the channel before lunch. Unable to get to the Royal Hawaiian Hotel, we play our own music and dance with boxes or chairs.
Feb. 2. All spent spare time studying various chords on the guitar and ukulele. William taught the others an ad-vanced lesson in the usage of minor and broken chords.
Feb. 3. A coconut palm was transplanted at the left front of Kenneth's home. It seems to be the strongest of the four that were brought here. Large rollers thundered in on the beach and wrecked the slab walk up from the beach; about he fourth time it has been washed out. In the afternoon we collected shells for the Bishop Museum, Insects, birds' eggs and fishes are also being collected for the Museum.
Feb. 4. Additional roofing material was put on Wil1iam and Henry's house. One hundredth of an inch of rain, which fell last night, proved that the previous roofing was inadequate. Jacob uses canvas to protect destructible equipment.
Feb. 5. Henry and William have been here three weeks. Jacob and Kenneth have been away from Honolulu for five months. The island today was combed for insects. Quite a few kinds were found. Because of the lack of diving goggles, we have difficulty in spearing small fish as specimens that dwell in holes and under coral rocks.
Feb. 6. A passing nimbus cloud brought a light shower, lasting only a minute or two. The longest recorded rain on Jarvis was 40 minutes. William hunted for shells halfway around the island.
Feb. 7. Kenneth planted a hala tree, brought from Honolulu, in front of the home of Jacob Haili. Ken's coco-nut palm seems to be in fine condition, growing well. One of the four coconuts brought from Palmyra died.
Feb. 8. A ship was sighted soon after breakfast. It came from the north and drifted by on the horizon and steamed away to the westward. It looked like a large steel freighter, with one mast and a derrick in the front part of the ship and another mast in the stern. Its color was gray, and it had one large, low smokestack. When it was seen at 8 05 by Kenneth, the American flag was hoisted over the beacon.
Feb. 9. All four went fishing. William caught an uhu, and the others 12 aholehole. These were cooked by Henry, who is a first rate cook. An outdoor stove, made of three kerosene tins, is used with wood as fuel. Two rods -serve as rests for pots.
Feb. 10. Kenneth, Henry and Jacob covered the island, scanning the ground for relics that might have been left by the guano workers. A mirror frame, measuring 12 x 20 inches, was the only article they brought back to camp. Later, a swimming contest was held in the channel, racing against the strong current. Later in the afternoon we played baseball. The balls and gloves had been loaned to us by Mr. William Wise, athletic coach at the Kamehameha Boys School.
Feb. 11. While on duty, Henry Mahikoa began the job of reconstructing the coral slab walk that leads from the main house to the beach.
Feb. 12. The American flag was hoisted today in honor of President Lincoln. William spear his first uhu, and Jacob, Henry and Kenneth brought in a few aholehole and uhu, which provided a hearty meal. In the afternoon William and Henry made a trip around the island, bringing back some rare shells.
Feb. 13. Jacob recorded weather. The others hunt insects. The insect that is of greatest abundance, and which, breeds in pickleweed patches, is a cream colored moth. The most pesty insect is a black fly, about half an inch long, which resides in the feathers of frigate birds; it makes frequent visits to camp and bothers us. Luckily we do not have any mosquitoes or centipedes. A few insects have been brought here by the Itasca and the Kinkajou. They dwell mostly in the onions and potatoes. There is also a black bug [beetle ? ]which ravishes all food-stuffs and anything that. is not covered or protected.
Feb. 14. William Yomes on weather duty. The others started toward the airfield with picks and shovels. They stopped at 10:30 and returned to camp. The rest of the day spent in reading and music.
Feb. 15. Kenneth installed a lighting system in his new room, used frequently now; and a1so by Kenneth and William as their sleeping quarters. The walls are only half the height of the room, and they find it refreshing. It is also used as a lounging, reading, and music room.
Feb. 16. Henry and William hunted shells. Kenneth planted another hala. All the plants seem in fine condition.
Feb. 17. Jacob Haili on duty. The others speared fish on 'the east side of the island.
Feb. 18. Kenneth tried collecting bird eggs. He had quite a time getting some from frigate nests, for the birds would swoop down and attempt to peck him. He blew one egg in less than 30 seconds; but on another occasion he blew so hard the egg was smashed. Fortunately none was rotten.
Feb. 19. Henry recording weather. The others hunted in-sects, returning with cockroaches, ants, bugs of various sorts, and lizards. Jacob and Henry planted pickleweed in front of their houses; then went surfing.
Feb. 20. Kenneth recorded weather. The others went spear fishing on the east side. The tide was low and it was possible to walk along the hedge of the reef. They found about 100 aholehole in a pool, and about 60 were caught.
Feb. 21. Jacob on weather duty. The others went to the channel to catch sharks. Two, with white-tipped fins, small but with sharp teeth, were caught. They were differ-ent from the yellow-fin and gray-fin sharks.
Feb. 22. William Yomes recording. Henry and Jacob went spear fishing. No aholehole seen until about 11:30. Then Jacob sighted a school of about 500. Henry blocked their escape, and Jacob speared until their two fishing bags were full, a total of 80 aholehole. The rest of the day was spent cleaning, scaling, salting and drying.
Feb. 23. Henry recording. He started making a 1arger fishing bag, ten by twenty inches, out of canvas, with cross-straps. He sewed two bug bags together to make a net, with a four foot mouth. Kenneth also made a fishing bag out of brown canvas. They have made fish drying an "industry.
Feb. 24. Kenneth Bell recording. He also planted four hala trees. Henry, William and Jacob set out at 8:30 for the western fishing grounds. The tide again was low. After combing the reef for about three hours, Bill sighted a school of aholehole, and these were corralled in a perfect coral trap. Bill sat in the three-foot passage to prevent the school from escaping. About 500 fishes were in a pool on1y 20 feet in circumference. Spearing being too slow, the boys used Henry's net and had soon captured about 300. They threw back the smaller ones and kept the rest. They the fish on a large dry part of the reef, and were getting ready to make a second scoop when a five-foot eel came gliding out of a hole. Bill jumped away from the opening and the eel glided through. They took their catch back to camp and, after lunch, spent the afternoon cleaning the fish.
Feb. 25. Jacob on duty. Henry visited several nests and brought back their eggs. Kenneth, William and Jacob fished for different kinds of fish specimens. They brought back several. At noon, all went swimming in the channel. Afternoon and evening reading and swimming.
Feb. 26. William on duty. Henry and William caught two sharks. We can tell four kinds apart: gray-fin, white tipped fin, yellow-fin, and hammerhead. When fishing swimming or surfing, the gray-fins are the ones that bother our conscience most when we are in deep water. We are not afraid of them on the reef.
Feb. 27. Henry took over weather observations at 6:00 A. M. The others started filling in various gaps in the airfield. After two hours they had to stop because of rain. Jacob ran back to cover the bed and table in his room, but found them already wet. He slept that night under a large canvas.
Feb. 28. The morning was fine, and wet bed clothes were spread over the 'slab-rock" to dry. Henry went looking for eggs, coming back with two frigate eggs, three booby eggs, and one tern egg. William taught Jacob how to make cords on the 'silent piano, a standard key-board which Ken Bell had drawn.
Feb. 29. Kenneth and Henry went out to hook sharks, but none appeared. William went hunting for shells. Jacob transposed songs into guitar solos between weather observations.
March 1. William Yomes recorded weather. Henry transplanted two hala trees in holes three feet deep, refilling holes with a mixture of sand and Honolulu soil. In the afternoon Jacob and William took advantage of large rolling raves to go surfing.
March 2. Henry recorded weather and everyone else collected specimens.
March 3. Kenneth Bell on duty. William and Henry circled the island collecting shells. Jacob clipped Henry's hair.
March 4. Jacob re-corded weather. Kenneth collected a sack full of shells along the south shore. All went for a swim in the channel in the evening.
March 5. William Yomes on duty. The others went fishing. William sighted the Itasca before they got back. The first boat landed at about 11:10 A. M., with Mr. Miller, Cap-tain Meyer and Major Bissel, with Executive Officer Kenner in charge. A group of Hawaiian boys and Army men arrived to break camp, including Austin Collins, Ralph Wilson, Mr. Raine and William Wilson. Within an hour all was packed, including all equipment and food still in good condition, ready to go back to the ship. All that couldn't be salvaged was piled together and set on fire. As the flames and smoke started to roll up, marking the end of a year-1ong project, a sudden hush came to those assembled on the beach. The Itasca steamed closer to shore. At the water's edge the launches were waiting to take us back to the ship. Then, with simple ceremony, we gave our last salute to Jarvis island. With everyone standing at stiff attention to the colors, Austin Collins, Daniel Toomey and Henry Ahia lowered the American flag, which had been raised a year ago. Then turning our faces to the north, we hurried down to the waiting launches. We set sail for Honolulu aboard the Itasca, bidding farewell to